Nail health · Education

Understanding fungal toenails

Onychomycosis

Fungal toenails are common, and there is no need to feel embarrassed. With a careful assessment and a clear diagnosis, we can explore the right care for your nails.

What might you notice?

A nail may become white, yellow or brown, thicken, crumble or lift away from the nail bed. These changes are not always caused by fungus—pressure, an old injury or conditions such as psoriasis can look similar.

A diagnosis before treatment

  1. 01

    A thoughtful assessment

    Your podiatrist looks at the nail changes and listens to your concerns. Injury, pressure and skin conditions can sometimes look like a fungal infection.

  2. 02

    Nail clippings first

    Before treatment begins, nail clippings and material from beneath the nail are collected for pathology testing. Laboratory testing helps establish whether fungus is present; sometimes another sample is needed.

  3. 03

    A plan for your nails

    Once the results have been reviewed, your clinician discusses suitable treatment options, your health and what to expect as the nail grows.

Treatment options

Topical treatments, laser and oral medication can be considered after testing. The choice depends on the confirmed diagnosis, how much of the nail is affected and your overall health.

Topical treatments

Antifungal treatments applied to the nail may suit milder or more limited infections. They need consistent use over time; ordinary cosmetic nail polish does not treat the infection.

Laser treatment

Laser is an option to discuss after assessment. Evidence for clearing fungal infection remains limited, and an improvement in nail appearance does not necessarily mean the infection has cleared. It is not a guaranteed cure.

Oral medication

Prescription antifungal medication may be considered for more extensive infection. An authorised prescriber assesses suitability, other medicines and possible side effects. Blood tests, including liver checks, may be needed before and during treatment.

Caring for your nails

Book a nail assessment

General education, not a diagnosis or individual treatment advice. Your clinician will guide your care.